Suicide among refugees: The silent story

Suicide by itself is a global public health problem. Each year, approximately 800,000 individuals die by suicide and it is estimated that for each adult who died of suicide there may have been more than 20 others attempting suicide and another 50-120 million are profoundly affected by suicide or attempt by a close relative or associate. Most suicides in the world occur in low- and middle income countries. This chapter presents a review conducted to understand the prevalence of suicidal behaviour and predisposing factors for suicidal behaviour among refugees. The risk factors and protective factors associated with suicide in the general population are also applicable to the refugee population, albeit with variations mediated by their circumstances. Refugees are likely to experience greater trauma and psychological problems, and, as a consequence, have increased suicidal behaviour. Suicidal behaviour among refugees has received very little investigation and deriving hypotheses to understand causal factors are difficult owing to limited research and publication in the area. Hence, there is an urgent need for further research, which will help in formulating appropriate, relevant, and cost-effective suicide prevention programmes for refugees.